Hardware Tips                                                   

"24 Cores," "32 Threads"—CPU marketing is confusing. Do you really need a server-grade processor just to play 

? Or is a mid-range chip enough? In this guide, we strip away the jargon to explain the difference between 

, and reveal the one hidden factor that actually determines your FPS: 

What is the Difference Between Cores and Threads? 

To understand your computer, imagine your CPU is a 

Logical Threads = The Hands (Hyper-Threading)

Single-Core vs. Multi-Core Performance: Gaming vs. Streaming

Should you prioritize frequency (speed) or core count? It depends entirely on how you use your PC.

AMD RYZEN 7 9800X3D PROCESSOR REVIEW, Vmodtech

For Pure Gaming: Priority on Single-Core Speed

Most modern games still rely heavily on one "Main Thread." They prefer 

For Streaming & Content Creation: Priority on Thread Count

If you stream on Twitch via OBS, edit 4K videos, or have 50 Chrome tabs open while gaming, your "Kitchen" is crowded.

The Hidden Problem: Why High Core Counts Cause Overheating

Here is the fine print that spec sheets don't tell you: 

Modern CPUs use "Thermal Velocity Boost." They will automatically run faster, but only if they are cool enough. If you buy a high-end i9 or Ryzen 9 but pair it with a weak cooler, the CPU will hit 90°C instantly and Thermal Throttle (slow down). You paid for a Ferrari, but you're driving it in traffic.

darkFlash EXPLORE DE360 CPU Liquid Cooler

How to Prevent Thermal Throttling with darkFlash

Don't let heat waste your money. You must match your cooling solution to your core count:

 It absorbs the sudden heat spikes from multi-core workloads instantly, keeping your CPU boosting at max frequency for longer gaming sessions.





"24 Cores," "32 Threads"—CPU marketing is confusing. Do you really need a server-grade processor just to play Call of Duty? Or is a mid-range chip enough? In this guide, we strip away the jargon to explain the difference between Physical Cores and Logical Threads, and reveal the one hidden factor that actually determines your FPS: Cooling.



What is the Difference Between Cores and Threads? 

To understand your computer, imagine your CPU is a Restaurant Kitchen.







Physical Cores = The Chefs





A physical core is like a Chef. If you have 6 cores, you have 6 chefs. They can each handle a completely separate order independently.



Logical Threads = The Hands (Hyper-Threading)





Thanks to technology like Hyper-Threading (Intel) or SMT (AMD), each Chef can use both hands effectively. A thread isn't a new chef; it's just the ability to multitask better. It helps organize background tasks so the Chef never stops working.





Simple Rule: Cores do the heavy lifting (Gaming); Threads handle the background chaos (Discord, Chrome, Windows updates).



Single-Core vs. Multi-Core Performance: Gaming vs. Streaming

Should you prioritize frequency (speed) or core count? It depends entirely on how you use your PC.





(AMD RYZEN 7 9800X3D PROCESSOR REVIEW, Vmodtech)



For Pure Gaming: Priority on Single-Core Speed

Most modern games still rely heavily on one "Main Thread." They prefer Fast Cores over Many Cores.





The Sweet Spot: A high-speed 6-core or 8-core CPU is usually the perfect configuration for gaming.



The Reality: A 6-core chip running at 5.0GHz will often beat a 20-core chip running at 3.0GHz in pure FPS.



For Streaming & Content Creation: Priority on Thread Count

If you stream on Twitch via OBS, edit 4K videos, or have 50 Chrome tabs open while gaming, your "Kitchen" is crowded.





Here, extra cores and threads are vital. They handle the video encoding in the background so your game doesn't stutter.



The Hidden Problem: Why High Core Counts Cause Overheating

Here is the fine print that spec sheets don't tell you: High core counts generate massive heat.

Modern CPUs use "Thermal Velocity Boost." They will automatically run faster, but only if they are cool enough. If you buy a high-end i9 or Ryzen 9 but pair it with a weak cooler, the CPU will hit 90°C instantly and Thermal Throttle (slow down). You paid for a Ferrari, but you're driving it in traffic.





(darkFlash EXPLORE DE360 CPU Liquid Cooler)



How to Prevent Thermal Throttling with darkFlash

Don't let heat waste your money. You must match your cooling solution to your core count:





6 Cores (i5 / Ryzen 5): A high-quality Air Cooler is sufficient.



8+ Cores (i7 / i9 / Ryzen 7/9): You are entering the "Heat Zone." We strongly recommend a 360mm AIO Liquid Cooler, like the darkFlash EXPLORE DE360 CPU Liquid Cooler.



Why Liquid Cooling? It absorbs the sudden heat spikes from multi-core workloads instantly, keeping your CPU boosting at max frequency for longer gaming sessions.

More cores ≠ More FPS. Discover the one hidden factor that actually controls your gaming performance.

CPU Cores vs. Threads: What Do You Actually Need for Gaming?

, you may have noticed a quiet revolution happening on the desks of top pros. The satisfying "click-clack" of traditional mechanical keyboards is being replaced. The new king of esports? 

In this guide, we break down the difference between 

 switches, briefly explain the science behind them, and why features like 

 are considered almost "cheating" in FPS games.

The Old Guard: How Mechanical Switches Work

To understand why pros are switching, you first need to understand what they are switching 

. When you press a key, a plastic stem moves down, pushing two metal leaves together to complete an electrical circuit.

Because metal leaves vibrate (bounce) when they hit each other, the keyboard firmware has to wait a few milliseconds to ensure the keypress is real and not just a vibration. This is called 

 eliminate physical contact entirely. Instead of metal leaves touching, each switch contains a tiny 

. This is where the magic happens. The keyboard doesn't wait for two pieces of metal to hit; it constantly "watches" the position of that magnet using a sensor on the circuit board.

The Science: It’s Called the "Hall Effect"

While gamers call them "Magnetic Switches," the technology driving them is actually based on the 

Unlike a mechanical switch that only knows "On" or "Off," a Hall Effect sensor acts like a dimmer switch. It knows exactly how far the key is pressed at all times—whether it is at 0.1mm, 2.0mm, or bottomed out at 4.0mm.

(Mechanical vs. Magnetic Switches Explained. Credit: 

The "Cheat Code": Rapid Trigger Explained

This is the main reason FPS players are upgrading their gear. On a normal mechanical keyboard, once you press a key, you have to release it past a fixed "Reset Point" before you can press it again. This physical travel distance slows you down.

 changes the rules using the continuous data from the magnetic switch:

This allows for instant "Counter-Strafing" in games like 

. You can stop moving, shoot accurately, and move again faster than physically possible on a mechanical board.

Beyond Rapid Trigger, magnetic technology offers several distinct advantages over traditional mechanical builds.

Because magnetic switches don't have "Debounce Delay" (no physical bouncing), the signal is clean and instant. High-end magnetic keyboards can report to your PC 

. This reduces latency to near zero (0.125ms), ensuring your inputs register the exact micro-second you react.

Fully Adjustable Actuation (0.1mm - 4.0mm)

One of the coolest features is customizability. You don't need to swap out switches to change the feel.

Friction is the enemy of electronics. Since magnetic switches have no metal contacts striking each other, there is significantly less wear and tear. They stay smooth (linear) for years longer than traditional switches.

If you are a casual gamer who primarily types or plays single-player games, a traditional mechanical keyboard is still a fantastic choice. The tactile feedback is hard to beat.

However, if you play competitive shooters and feel like your movement is just a split-second behind your brain, your hardware might be the bottleneck. The precision of 

 technology offers a tangible competitive advantage that mechanical switches simply cannot physically match.

Ready to experience the speed difference? Look for keyboards equipped with the latest Magnetic Switch technology, like the darkFlash EZ68, and feel the difference in your next match.





If you follow the competitive scenes of Valorant, CS2, or Apex Legends, you may have noticed a quiet revolution happening on the desks of top pros. The satisfying "click-clack" of traditional mechanical keyboards is being replaced. The new king of esports? Magnetic Switches.



In this guide, we break down the difference between Magnetic and Mechanical switches, briefly explain the science behind them, and why features like Rapid Trigger are considered almost "cheating" in FPS games.



The Old Guard: How Mechanical Switches Work

To understand why pros are switching, you first need to understand what they are switching from.

Traditional mechanical switches work on physical contact. When you press a key, a plastic stem moves down, pushing two metal leaves together to complete an electrical circuit.





(Mechanical Switch Keyboard, darkFlash GD108 )



The Limitation: "Debounce Delay"

Because metal leaves vibrate (bounce) when they hit each other, the keyboard firmware has to wait a few milliseconds to ensure the keypress is real and not just a vibration. This is called Debounce Delay.





Pros: Satisfying feel, huge variety of customization.



Cons: Physical wear and tear, slower response time due to debounce, fixed actuation points.



The New Challenger: Magnetic Switches

Magnetic switches eliminate physical contact entirely. Instead of metal leaves touching, each switch contains a tiny permanent magnet. This is where the magic happens. The keyboard doesn't wait for two pieces of metal to hit; it constantly "watches" the position of that magnet using a sensor on the circuit board.





(Magnetic Switch Keyboard, darkFlash EZ68)



The Science: It’s Called the "Hall Effect"

While gamers call them "Magnetic Switches," the technology driving them is actually based on the Hall Effect.



What is the Hall Effect?

Discovered by Edwin Hall in 1879, this principle states that when a magnet moves closer to a sensor, the magnetic field changes the voltage running through that sensor.



Why does this matter for gaming?

Unlike a mechanical switch that only knows "On" or "Off," a Hall Effect sensor acts like a dimmer switch. It knows exactly how far the key is pressed at all times—whether it is at 0.1mm, 2.0mm, or bottomed out at 4.0mm.





(Mechanical vs. Magnetic Switches Explained. Credit: Optimum)



The "Cheat Code": Rapid Trigger Explained

This is the main reason FPS players are upgrading their gear. On a normal mechanical keyboard, once you press a key, you have to release it past a fixed "Reset Point" before you can press it again. This physical travel distance slows you down.

Rapid Trigger changes the rules using the continuous data from the magnetic switch:





The moment you lift your finger (even by 0.1mm), the sensor detects the magnetic field changing and instantly resets the key.



The moment you press down again, it activates.

In-Game Benefit

This allows for instant "Counter-Strafing" in games like Valorant. You can stop moving, shoot accurately, and move again faster than physically possible on a mechanical board.





(Rapid Trigger Explained. Credit: Optimum)



3 Reasons Why Gamers Are Upgrading

Beyond Rapid Trigger, magnetic technology offers several distinct advantages over traditional mechanical builds.



True 8000Hz Polling Rate

Because magnetic switches don't have "Debounce Delay" (no physical bouncing), the signal is clean and instant. High-end magnetic keyboards can report to your PC 8,000 times per second (8000Hz). This reduces latency to near zero (0.125ms), ensuring your inputs register the exact micro-second you react.



Fully Adjustable Actuation (0.1mm - 4.0mm)

One of the coolest features is customizability. You don't need to swap out switches to change the feel.





For Gaming: Set WASD keys to a hair-trigger 0.1mm for instant movement.



For Typing: Set keys to 2.0mm to prevent accidental typos.



For Safety: Set your "Ultimate" ability key to 3.0mm so you never waste it by mistake.



Durability (100 Million+ Presses)

Friction is the enemy of electronics. Since magnetic switches have no metal contacts striking each other, there is significantly less wear and tear. They stay smooth (linear) for years longer than traditional switches.



Conclusion: Is It Time to Switch?

If you are a casual gamer who primarily types or plays single-player games, a traditional mechanical keyboard is still a fantastic choice. The tactile feedback is hard to beat.

However, if you play competitive shooters and feel like your movement is just a split-second behind your brain, your hardware might be the bottleneck. The precision of Magnetic Switches combined with Rapid Trigger technology offers a tangible competitive advantage that mechanical switches simply cannot physically match.





Ready to experience the speed difference? Look for keyboards equipped with the latest Magnetic Switch technology, like the darkFlash EZ68, and feel the difference in your next match.

Pros are trading traditional mechanical switches for magnetic switches to gain a competitive edge through near-instant response times and customizable precision.

Magnetic vs. Mechanical Switches: Why Pros Are Switching

Few things are more frustrating than watching your FPS suddenly dip while you are in the middle of a game. Your system seems fine, temps look normal, but the frame rate just drops out of nowhere. These unexpected FPS drops are extremely common, and there are several real reasons behind them.

High Temperatures Causing Thermal Throttling

The number-one cause of sudden FPS drops is excessive heat. When your CPU or GPU gets too hot, it automatically reduces its clock speed to protect itself, leading to instant performance loss.

, featuring louver side panel on PSU Chamber)

Running out of VRAM can cause instant FPS drops. When VRAM is full, the GPU is forced to offload data to system RAM, which is much slower.

Sometimes your game is not the problem. Windows or other apps may be taking CPU, GPU, or RAM in the background (e.g., Chrome tabs, Windows Update).

Power Supply Issues (Insufficient or Unstable Power)

This is an often overlooked cause. If your PSU cannot handle sudden power spikes (transients) from a modern GPU, your system may throttle or crash.

Insufficient RAM or Single-Channel Memory

Your FPS may drop if your system is running out of RAM or if it is running at low speed.

Modern games stream assets constantly. If you install games on a slow HDD, you will notice stuttering when moving to new areas.

Even the best hardware will throttle if it's choked by dust. Dust acts as an insulator, trapping heat inside heatsinks.

Conclusion: Stabilize Your Framerates with darkFlash

. While software tweaks can help, the ultimate fix is often ensuring your hardware has the environment it needs to perform. Whether you need better airflow, powerful liquid cooling, or a reliable power supply, 

darkFlash has the gear to keep your frames high and your temps low.





Few things are more frustrating than watching your FPS suddenly dip while you are in the middle of a game. Your system seems fine, temps look normal, but the frame rate just drops out of nowhere. These unexpected FPS drops are extremely common, and there are several real reasons behind them.



High Temperatures Causing Thermal Throttling

The number-one cause of sudden FPS drops is excessive heat. When your CPU or GPU gets too hot, it automatically reduces its clock speed to protect itself, leading to instant performance loss.



Typical throttle temperatures





CPU: around 90°C and above



GPU: 80–90°C depending on the model

Fixes





Improve Case Airflow: If your case feels like an oven, your components can't breathe. Consider upgrading to a high-airflow case like the darkFlash DY460 which features louvered side panels designed to maximize cold air intake.



(darkFlash DY460 ATX PC Case, featuring louver side panel on PSU Chamber)







Upgrade Your Cooler: Stock coolers often struggle with modern gaming loads. Switching to a darkFlash AIO Liquid Cooler (like the DE360/240 or DO360/240 Liquid Cooler) can drop temps significantly and keep boost clocks stable.



(darkFlash DE360 Liquid CPU Cooler)







Check Your Fans: Ensure you have positive or neutral air pressure. Adding high-performance darkFlash RGB fans not only looks great but ensures heat is actively pushed out of the chassis.



(darkFlash INF34 Cooling Fan, pre-installed in DY460 PC Case)



VRAM (Graphics Memory) Is Full

Running out of VRAM can cause instant FPS drops. When VRAM is full, the GPU is forced to offload data to system RAM, which is much slower.



Fixes





Lower texture quality in game settings.



Turn off demanding effects like Ray Tracing if your card struggles.



Pro Tip: A well-cooled GPU boosts higher and handles loads better. Ensure your case has bottom or front fans directing air straight to the GPU.





Background Programs Eating Resources

Sometimes your game is not the problem. Windows or other apps may be taking CPU, GPU, or RAM in the background (e.g., Chrome tabs, Windows Update).



Fixes





Use "Exclusive Fullscreen" mode in games.



Turn on Windows Game Mode.



Check Task Manager for sudden spikes.



(Call of Duty: Black Ops 7 Trailer via Xbox YouTube Channel. Best experienced in fullscreen)



Power Supply Issues (Insufficient or Unstable Power)

This is an often overlooked cause. If your PSU cannot handle sudden power spikes (transients) from a modern GPU, your system may throttle or crash.



Symptoms





Sharp FPS drops during explosions or intense scenes.



GPU usage fluctuating wildly.

Fixes





Ensure Stability: Never skimp on your power supply unit. A high-quality PSU provides stable voltage even during load spikes.



Upgrade Capacity: If you are running a high-end card (like an RTX 5080) on an old 600W unit, it's time to upgrade to a darkFlash High-Wattage PSU to ensure your system gets the clean power it needs.



(darkFlash PMT Power Supply, Cybenetics platinum certified)



Insufficient RAM or Single-Channel Memory

Your FPS may drop if your system is running out of RAM or if it is running at low speed.



Fixes





Enable XMP / EXPO in BIOS.



Ensure you are using dual-channel configurations (two sticks are better than one).





Slow Storage Causing Loading Stalls

Modern games stream assets constantly. If you install games on a slow HDD, you will notice stuttering when moving to new areas.



Fixes





Always install AAA games on an NVMe SSD.





Dust Buildup & Maintenance

Even the best hardware will throttle if it's choked by dust. Dust acts as an insulator, trapping heat inside heatsinks.



Fixes





Regular Cleaning: Clean your PC every 3-6 months.



Use Dust Filters: This is why most of darkFlash cases come equipped with easy-to-remove dust filters. They catch the dust before it hits your components, making cleaning as easy as peeling off the filter and wiping it down.





Conclusion: Stabilize Your Framerates with darkFlash

Most sudden FPS drops are caused by Heat or Power. While software tweaks can help, the ultimate fix is often ensuring your hardware has the environment it needs to perform. Whether you need better airflow, powerful liquid cooling, or a reliable power supply, darkFlash has the gear to keep your frames high and your temps low.





Sudden FPS drops are common and frustrating, here are the real reasons behind them and how to fix them.

Why Does My FPS Drop Suddenly in Games? Causes and How to Fix It

Gaming chairs have become one of the most essential parts of a gaming setup. While GPUs, keyboards, and monitors often get the most attention, comfort and posture can impact your performance just as much. A high-quality gaming chair keeps you comfortable, focused, and supported during long gaming or streaming sessions.

In this guide, we explain why gaming chairs are suitable for gaming, explore the different materials used, and break down the tier system, so consumers can understand why some gaming chairs cost more than others.

A gaming chair is a specially designed ergonomic chair built to support gamers during long hours of gameplay. It typically features:

These features make gaming chairs ideal for both gaming and work-from-home setups.

Why a Gaming Chair Is Suitable for Gaming

Gaming chairs are engineered around ergonomics, providing full-body support.

For gamers who spend hours playing, proper support makes a noticeable difference in comfort and performance.

These adjustments allow users to find the perfect posture for gaming, productivity, or relaxing.

Poor seating reduces blood flow and increases fatigue.

This contributes to better reaction times and concentration.

From bold colors to sleek racing designs, a gaming chair completes the visual identity of your setup.

Streamers especially love gaming chairs because they look great on camera and reflect a gamer lifestyle.

Why Some Chairs Are Cheaper and Some Are Premium

Entry-Level Gaming Chairs (Budget-Friendly)

Best for: students, casual gamers, basic setups

Price factor: simpler design + lower material cost

Manufactured using accessible materials and simplified construction to keep costs low.

Best for: daily gamers, hybrid gaming/office use

Price factor: upgraded materials + improved ergonomics

Higher-grade materials, better comfort technology, and stronger construction.

Best for: serious gamers, long streaming sessions, professionals

Price factor: top-tier material + advanced comfort engineering

These chairs use premium upholstery, advanced foam technology, and extremely durable frames — built to last.

Best for: professionals, streamers, luxury buyers

Price factor: specialty materials + exclusive premium features

These chairs combine luxury materials with advanced ergonomics and exclusive premium finishing.

Choose the tier that matches how much you want to invest.

Fabric vs PU vs Hybrid Leather — consider climate, sweat, durability.

More adjustability = better posture = longer comfort.

Higher-end chairs last longer and provide better return on investment.

Conclusion: A Gaming Chair Is an Investment in Comfort & Performance

A good gaming chair doesn’t just elevate your setup—it enhances your posture, comfort, gameplay performance, and long-term health.

Understanding the differences between entry-level, mid-range, and premium materials helps consumers choose the perfect chair for their needs.





Gaming chairs have become one of the most essential parts of a gaming setup. While GPUs, keyboards, and monitors often get the most attention, comfort and posture can impact your performance just as much. A high-quality gaming chair keeps you comfortable, focused, and supported during long gaming or streaming sessions.



In this guide, we explain why gaming chairs are suitable for gaming, explore the different materials used, and break down the tier system, so consumers can understand why some gaming chairs cost more than others.



What Is a Gaming Chair?





A gaming chair is a specially designed ergonomic chair built to support gamers during long hours of gameplay. It typically features:





Adjustable height



Reclining backrest



Multi-directional armrests



Lumbar and neck support



Stylish racing-inspired aesthetics

These features make gaming chairs ideal for both gaming and work-from-home setups.



Why a Gaming Chair Is Suitable for Gaming





Designed for Long-Hour Comfort

Gaming chairs are engineered around ergonomics, providing full-body support.
This helps reduce:





Back pain



Neck strain



Shoulder fatigue

For gamers who spend hours playing, proper support makes a noticeable difference in comfort and performance.



Fully Adjustable for Better Posture

Modern gaming chairs offer:





Recline up to 150–180°



2D/3D/4D armrests



Adjustable lumbar support



Tilt and rocking mechanisms

These adjustments allow users to find the perfect posture for gaming, productivity, or relaxing.



Improved Focus and Performance

Poor seating reduces blood flow and increases fatigue.
A good gaming chair keeps you:





Alert



Focused



Comfortable



Energized

This contributes to better reaction times and concentration.



Enhances Your Gaming Setup Aesthetics

From bold colors to sleek racing designs, a gaming chair completes the visual identity of your setup.
Streamers especially love gaming chairs because they look great on camera and reflect a gamer lifestyle.



Why Some Chairs Are Cheaper and Some Are Premium





Entry-Level Gaming Chairs (Budget-Friendly)

Best for: students, casual gamers, basic setups
Price factor: simpler design + lower material cost



Materials & Features





Standard PU leather: thinner, may peel faster



Regular foam: decent comfort, but compresses over time



1D–2D armrests: basic height adjustments



Simple tilt mechanism: limited flexibility



Nylon base: lightweight but less durable

Why It's Cheaper

Manufactured using accessible materials and simplified construction to keep costs low.



Mid-Range Gaming Chairs (Best Value)

Best for: daily gamers, hybrid gaming/office use

Price factor: upgraded materials + improved ergonomics



Materials & Features





Premium PU or soft fabric: thicker, more durable



High-density molded foam: keeps shape longer



3D–4D armrests: adjustable angle, depth, and rotation



Advanced tilt and locking mechanisms



Steel frame + metal base: stable and durable



Contoured lumbar pillow / memory-foam neck pillow

Why It Costs More

Higher-grade materials, better comfort technology, and stronger construction.



High-End Gaming Chairs (Premium Segment)

Best for: serious gamers, long streaming sessions, professionals
Price factor: top-tier material + advanced comfort engineering



Materials & Features





Hybrid PU / microfiber leather / real leather options



Cold-cure foam: retains firmness for years



4D armrests with soft-touch pads



Multi-tilt mechanisms with angle lock



Aluminum or heavy-duty steel base



Magnetic memory foam pillows



Optional woven fabric for breathability

Why It’s Expensive

These chairs use premium upholstery, advanced foam technology, and extremely durable frames — built to last.



Ultra-Premium / Flagship Chairs

Best for: professionals, streamers, luxury buyers
Price factor: specialty materials + exclusive premium features



Materials & Features





Nappa leather / eco leather



Cold-cure foam with memory gel layer



Dial-adjustable lumbar support



Extra-wide reinforced frame



Whisper-quiet premium wheels



Custom embroidery / RGB options

Why It Costs the Most

These chairs combine luxury materials with advanced ergonomics and exclusive premium finishing.



How to Choose the Right Gaming Chair 





1. Set Your Budget

Choose the tier that matches how much you want to invest.



2. Consider Usage Time





< 2 hours/day → Entry Level



2–6 hours/day → Mid-Range



6–12 hours/day → High-end and above



3. Check Material Durability

Fabric vs PU vs Hybrid Leather — consider climate, sweat, durability.



4. Look at Adjustability

More adjustability = better posture = longer comfort.



5. Think Long-Term

Higher-end chairs last longer and provide better return on investment.



Conclusion: A Gaming Chair Is an Investment in Comfort & Performance





A good gaming chair doesn’t just elevate your setup—it enhances your posture, comfort, gameplay performance, and long-term health.


Understanding the differences between entry-level, mid-range, and premium materials helps consumers choose the perfect chair for their needs.

Not all gaming chairs are equal. The materials used directly affect comfort, durability, and price.

How to Choose a Gaming Chair: Benefits, Features, and Buying Guide

Addressable RGB (ARGB) has become a standard feature in modern PC components—fans, AIO coolers, light strips, and even GPU/CPU blocks. While most users know “5V 3-pin ARGB,” fewer people understand that there are actually two generations of ARGB wiring systems: Gen 1 and Gen 2.

This guide explains the differences, compatibility rules, and how you should properly connect each generation.

Both Gen 1 and Gen 2 ARGB share the same electrical standard:

The key difference lies in the signal design and controller communication.

This is the classic ARGB standard used by nearly all brands for many years:

Gen 1 is simple: plug everything together, and the signal flows straight through.

Introduced mainly by ASUS, this version still uses 5V 3-pin, but with additional ID/telemetry capability built into the LED module or controller.

Even though the connector looks identical, Gen 2 devices have a slightly different internal wiring/resistor setup for LED count detection.

You can connect Gen 1 to Gen 2 headers and vice versa.

Works, but LED count auto-detection is disabled.

Works, but the motherboard cannot read LED count (normal for Gen 1).

ARGB Gen 1 and Gen 2 may share the same 5V 3-pin connector, but they differ in how they handle LED control and device detection. Gen 1 offers universal compatibility and simple daisy-chain lighting, while Gen 2 introduces more intelligent features such as automatic LED count calibration—especially useful on ASUS motherboards. 

The good news is that both generations are electrically compatible, meaning you can mix and match them as long as you understand how detection and chaining behave.

For most builds, connecting Gen 1 and Gen 2 together will work perfectly fine. Just remember that Gen 2 features won’t function when paired with a Gen 1 header or hub, and placing a Gen 2 device first in the chain ensures the best results. With proper planning and cable management, both systems can deliver vibrant, synchronized RGB lighting throughout your PC build.





Addressable RGB (ARGB) has become a standard feature in modern PC components—fans, AIO coolers, light strips, and even GPU/CPU blocks. While most users know “5V 3-pin ARGB,” fewer people understand that there are actually two generations of ARGB wiring systems: Gen 1 and Gen 2.

This guide explains the differences, compatibility rules, and how you should properly connect each generation.



What Are ARGB Gen 1 and Gen 2?

Both Gen 1 and Gen 2 ARGB share the same electrical standard:





Voltage: 5V



Pin count: 3-pin



Control: Individually addressable LEDs



Header shape: Typically 3-pin with a missing pin in the middle (5V-D-G)

The key difference lies in the signal design and controller communication.



ARGB Gen 1 (Traditional 5V 3-Pin ARGB)





This is the classic ARGB standard used by nearly all brands for many years:





Pin layout: 5V / DATA / GND



Signal type: Basic digital LED control



LED type: Standard WS2812/WS2811-type addressable ICs



Daisy-chain: Supported



Motherboard compatibility: ASUS Aura Sync, MSI Mystic Light, Gigabyte RGB Fusion, ASRock Polychrome, etc.



Gen 1 Key Characteristics





Works with almost all older ARGB fans/lights



Same data line runs through all devices



Device identity is fixed—motherboards cannot identify “individual devices,” only LED positions



Maximum LED count may vary depending on motherboard

Gen 1 is simple: plug everything together, and the signal flows straight through.



ARGB Gen 2 (ASUS Gen 2)





Introduced mainly by ASUS, this version still uses 5V 3-pin, but with additional ID/telemetry capability built into the LED module or controller.



Gen 2 Features





Allows the controller to detect the number of LEDs



Enables automatic calibration



Allows more precise effects because the system knows the LED count



Same connector shape as Gen 1



May include extra detect resistor that the motherboard reads

Even though the connector looks identical, Gen 2 devices have a slightly different internal wiring/resistor setup for LED count detection.



Are ARGB Gen 1 and Gen 2 Compatible?





Electrically compatible

Both use:





5V



3-pin



Same digital LED protocol

You can connect Gen 1 to Gen 2 headers and vice versa.



However:





Gen 1 devices do NOT support Gen 2’s intelligent LED detection



Gen 2 devices connected to Gen 1 headers will lose Gen 2 features, but still light up normally



Daisy-chain rules change slightly



Daisy-Chain Compatibility

Gen 1 → Gen 1

Fully daisy-chainable. No issues.

Gen 2 → Gen 2

Fully compatible. LED detection works.

Gen 2 device → Gen 1 header

Works, but LED count auto-detection is disabled.

Gen 1 device → Gen 2 header

Works, but the motherboard cannot read LED count (normal for Gen 1).





⚠ Important Note

Some ARGB Gen 2 devices include extra protection or ID resistors.
If you daisy-chain a Gen 1 product behind a Gen 2 product, LED detection may misreport or fail.
Lighting still works, but auto-calibration may not function correctly.

 Best practice:





Put Gen 2 product first (closest to the header), then chain Gen 1 behind it
—OR—



Use separate headers if you want perfect Gen 2 detection.



When Do You Need a Hub?



Use an ARGB hub when:





You have multiple fans



Your motherboard has limited ARGB headers



You want synchronized lighting



You want cleaner cable management



Note:
Gen 2 auto LED detection usually does not work across:





Cheap Gen 1 hubs



Non-Asus hubs

If you want full Gen 2 functionality, you need an ASUS Gen 2-compatible hub.



Conclusion

ARGB Gen 1 and Gen 2 may share the same 5V 3-pin connector, but they differ in how they handle LED control and device detection. Gen 1 offers universal compatibility and simple daisy-chain lighting, while Gen 2 introduces more intelligent features such as automatic LED count calibration—especially useful on ASUS motherboards. 



The good news is that both generations are electrically compatible, meaning you can mix and match them as long as you understand how detection and chaining behave.



For most builds, connecting Gen 1 and Gen 2 together will work perfectly fine. Just remember that Gen 2 features won’t function when paired with a Gen 1 header or hub, and placing a Gen 2 device first in the chain ensures the best results. With proper planning and cable management, both systems can deliver vibrant, synchronized RGB lighting throughout your PC build.

Understanding 5V 3-Pin ARGB Standards, Daisy-Chain Compatibility, and Setup Tips.

ARGB Gen 1 vs. Gen 2: What's the Difference and How to Connect Them?

For first-time DIY PC builders, everything from picking parts to doing the actual install can hide traps and little mistakes. Small errors might just mean parts don’t fit; big ones can damage components. This article rounds up the most common beginner mistakes—check through this once, and you’ll avoid most problems.

Mistake 1｜Buying incompatible components

Many beginners overlook part-to-part compatibility. Common issues include:

Consequences: You can’t complete the build, the system won’t boot, or you may even have to repurchase parts.

: After selecting parts, ask a friend with building experience to review them, or post on a PC-hardware forum for advice.

Mistake 2｜Choosing a power supply at random

New builders often favor a cheap PSU—this is a mistake. The PSU is the heart of the system. A poor-quality or underpowered unit can cause random shutdowns or even damage hardware. Common errors:

: Use a PSU wattage calculator to estimate power needs, and choose an 80 Plus–certified power supply for stable output.

Plenty of builders  install the motherboard and only then realize they forgot the rear I/O shield, forcing them to remove the board and start over.

: Consider a mid-range or higher motherboard with a pre-installed I/O shield. It looks better and eliminates this problem.

Mistake 4｜Incorrect cooler installation

Because CPU cooler installation is more involved, it’s a common pain point. If you install it incorrectly, CPU temperatures can spike and performance can drop.

: Carefully double-check each installation step and confirm the thermal paste has been applied correctly.

Mistake 5｜Installing memory in the wrong slots

Putting RAM in the wrong slots won’t usually break anything, but it can prevent booting or cut performance in half. Many motherboards require specific slots to enable dual-channel mode.

: Read the motherboard manual before installation and make sure you’re using the recommended slots.

Case airflow affects cooling performance. Beginners often mount fans “wherever” without optimizing airflow.

Easy rule of thumb: “Front-in, rear-out; bottom-in, top-out.”

Mistake 7｜Wrong power connectors or loose plugs

CPU and GPU power connectors look similar, so many beginners mix them up.

With the newer 12VHPWR GPU connector, if it isn’t fully seated, the plug can overheat and burn, damaging both the cable and the graphics card.

: Verify the correct connectors for the motherboard and GPU, and press until you hear/feel a positive click.

Mistake 8｜Not updating BIOS and drivers after first boot

Many beginners finish installing the OS and then ignore BIOS and driver versions. That can leave XMP off, reduce performance, or even cause instability.

: On first boot, enter the BIOS and enable XMP (or DOCP/EXPO) for memory. Then visit the manufacturer’s website to update motherboard drivers and the BIOS.

Most mistakes aren’t about technical skill—they come from going too fast or being careless. Work step by step and double-check each stage, and you’ll successfully complete your very first PC.





For first-time DIY PC builders, everything from picking parts to doing the actual install can hide traps and little mistakes. Small errors might just mean parts don’t fit; big ones can damage components. This article rounds up the most common beginner mistakes—check through this once, and you’ll avoid most problems.



Mistake 1｜Buying incompatible components





Many beginners overlook part-to-part compatibility. Common issues include:





Buying an Intel CPU but choosing an AMD motherboard



The motherboard supports only DDR5, but you bought DDR4 memory



Ignoring case dimensions so the graphics card or cooler won’t fit



Forgetting to remove the protective film on the cooler’s copper base

Consequences: You can’t complete the build, the system won’t boot, or you may even have to repurchase parts.

Fix: After selecting parts, ask a friend with building experience to review them, or post on a PC-hardware forum for advice.



Mistake 2｜Choosing a power supply at random





New builders often favor a cheap PSU—this is a mistake. The PSU is the heart of the system. A poor-quality or underpowered unit can cause random shutdowns or even damage hardware. Common errors:





Buying unbranded PSUs or ones with no relevant certifications



Underestimating required wattage, leading to power cuts under load

Fix: Use a PSU wattage calculator to estimate power needs, and choose an 80 Plus–certified power supply for stable output.



Mistake 3｜Forgetting the I/O shield



(I/O shield example image: ASRock)



Plenty of builders  install the motherboard and only then realize they forgot the rear I/O shield, forcing them to remove the board and start over.



Fix: Consider a mid-range or higher motherboard with a pre-installed I/O shield. It looks better and eliminates this problem.



Mistake 4｜Incorrect cooler installation





Because CPU cooler installation is more involved, it’s a common pain point. If you install it incorrectly, CPU temperatures can spike and performance can drop.





Forgetting to remove the protective film from the cooler base



Forgetting to apply thermal paste



Applying way too much or too little thermal paste

Fix: Carefully double-check each installation step and confirm the thermal paste has been applied correctly.



Mistake 5｜Installing memory in the wrong slots





Putting RAM in the wrong slots won’t usually break anything, but it can prevent booting or cut performance in half. Many motherboards require specific slots to enable dual-channel mode.

Fix: Read the motherboard manual before installation and make sure you’re using the recommended slots.



Mistake 6｜Incorrect fan airflow





Case airflow affects cooling performance. Beginners often mount fans “wherever” without optimizing airflow.

Optimal airflow layout:





Front / side / bottom: intake



Top / rear: exhaust

Easy rule of thumb: “Front-in, rear-out; bottom-in, top-out.”



Mistake 7｜Wrong power connectors or loose plugs





CPU and GPU power connectors look similar, so many beginners mix them up.

With the newer 12VHPWR GPU connector, if it isn’t fully seated, the plug can overheat and burn, damaging both the cable and the graphics card.



Fix: Verify the correct connectors for the motherboard and GPU, and press until you hear/feel a positive click.



Mistake 8｜Not updating BIOS and drivers after first boot





Many beginners finish installing the OS and then ignore BIOS and driver versions. That can leave XMP off, reduce performance, or even cause instability.



Fix: On first boot, enter the BIOS and enable XMP (or DOCP/EXPO) for memory. Then visit the manufacturer’s website to update motherboard drivers and the BIOS.



Most mistakes aren’t about technical skill—they come from going too fast or being careless. Work step by step and double-check each stage, and you’ll successfully complete your very first PC.

Building your first PC can be exciting—but also full of hidden pitfalls.

The Most Common PC-Building Mistakes for Beginners

Game stuttering can happen to anyone — even if you have a powerful PC. You might see smooth frame rates one moment, and then random freezes the next. The good news? In most cases, the issue isn’t broken hardware. It usually comes down to software, drivers, or system settings.

Outdated or corrupted GPU drivers are one of the most common causes of stuttering. To update:

For best results, download the newest driver from NVIDIA, AMD, or Intel’s official website and do a clean install. This alone fixes a huge percentage of stutter issues.

Hidden programs can eat resources even if your FPS looks fine. To check:

Shutting down these background tasks frees up resources and prevents random slowdowns.

Overheating can force your CPU or GPU to throttle, causing freezes. Use free tools like HWMonitor or MSI Afterburner to monitor temps while gaming.

If it’s hotter, improve case airflow, clean dust filters, or replace thermal paste.

If drivers, apps, and temps look fine, try these deeper fixes:

These adjustments often resolve stubborn stuttering.

Conclusion: Smooth Gaming Without New Hardware

In the end, stutters are rarely caused by a “bad” GPU or CPU. More often, they’re the result of outdated drivers, background load, or overheating. By following a step-by-step process — update drivers, close apps, monitor temps, and tweak settings — you can usually fix the issue and enjoy smooth gaming without spending extra money.





Understanding the Problem

Game stuttering can happen to anyone — even if you have a powerful PC. You might see smooth frame rates one moment, and then random freezes the next. The good news? In most cases, the issue isn’t broken hardware. It usually comes down to software, drivers, or system settings.



Update Your Graphics Driver





Outdated or corrupted GPU drivers are one of the most common causes of stuttering. To update:





Right-click the Start Menu → Device Manager.



Expand Display adapters and right-click your GPU.



Select Update driver.

For best results, download the newest driver from NVIDIA, AMD, or Intel’s official website and do a clean install. This alone fixes a huge percentage of stutter issues.



Close Background Apps



(Task Manager – Video credit: Microsoft)



Hidden programs can eat resources even if your FPS looks fine. To check:





Open Task Manager (Ctrl + Shift + Esc).



Look at CPU, RAM, and disk usage.



Close apps you don’t need (like browsers, launchers, overlays, or updaters).

Shutting down these background tasks frees up resources and prevents random slowdowns.



Check Your Temperatures





Overheating can force your CPU or GPU to throttle, causing freezes. Use free tools like HWMonitor or MSI Afterburner to monitor temps while gaming.





GPU safe range: under ~85°C



CPU safe range: under ~90°C

If it’s hotter, improve case airflow, clean dust filters, or replace thermal paste.



Adjust Power and Firmware Settings





If drivers, apps, and temps look fine, try these deeper fixes:





Windows Power Plan: Go to Control Panel → Power Options and set it to Balanced or High Performance.



BIOS update: Check your motherboard manufacturer’s site for firmware updates.



Windows updates: Keeping the OS patched ensures smoother compatibility with hardware.

These adjustments often resolve stubborn stuttering.



Conclusion: Smooth Gaming Without New Hardware

In the end, stutters are rarely caused by a “bad” GPU or CPU. More often, they’re the result of outdated drivers, background load, or overheating. By following a step-by-step process — update drivers, close apps, monitor temps, and tweak settings — you can usually fix the issue and enjoy smooth gaming without spending extra money.

Game stuttering can ruin even the best PC builds. This guide walks you through simple fixes.

Why Your Games Stutter (And How to Fix It)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing how we use computers — and now, it’s changing the computers themselves. Welcome to the era of 

So what exactly is an AI PC, and how is it different from the regular gaming or work machine you already have? More importantly, do you really need one?

 is a new type of computer built with a special chip called an 

Unlike a regular PC that uses a CPU and GPU, an AI PC adds this third processor, designed specifically for handling AI workloads, like real-time translations, background image enhancements, video call noise canceling, and even generative AI tasks (like creating images or answering prompts).

It’s like giving your PC a built-in AI assistant that works faster, uses less power, and doesn’t need to connect to the cloud.

AI PC vs. Traditional PC: 5 Key Differences

, especially during AI-heavy workloads. That means your system needs to keep cool, and that’s where 

: Many AI PC-ready laptops and desktops already include NPUs, but if you're building your own system or upgrading your setup, your case and cooling matter 

Not everyone needs to jump on the AI PC train 

If your work involves creative tools, productivity suites, or you're an early adopter who loves exploring AI-powered apps, an AI PC can absolutely improve your daily experience. On the other hand, if you're mainly gaming or browsing the web, a traditional PC is still more than enough in 2025.

choosing the right hardware now means you’re future-ready

, especially with modern cases, efficient power supplies, and cooling systems that can support the next wave of AI innovation.

AI PCs aren’t just a buzzword, they represent the future of personal computing. But it’s not just about the processor. Your system’s 

 need to keep up with the added performance demands of AI tasks.

Whether you're upgrading or building fresh, investing in 

, like advanced PC cases, efficient PSUs, and high-performance cooling, ensures your system stays cool, quiet, and ready for what's next.





Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing how we use computers — and now, it’s changing the computers themselves. Welcome to the era of AI PCs.

So what exactly is an AI PC, and how is it different from the regular gaming or work machine you already have? More importantly, do you really need one?



What Is an AI PC?

An AI PC is a new type of computer built with a special chip called an NPU, or Neural Processing Unit.







Unlike a regular PC that uses a CPU and GPU, an AI PC adds this third processor, designed specifically for handling AI workloads, like real-time translations, background image enhancements, video call noise canceling, and even generative AI tasks (like creating images or answering prompts).



It’s like giving your PC a built-in AI assistant that works faster, uses less power, and doesn’t need to connect to the cloud.



AI PC vs. Traditional PC: 5 Key Differences





What Does This Mean for Hardware?

Because AI PCs handle more tasks locally, they often run hotter and longer, especially during AI-heavy workloads. That means your system needs to keep cool, and that’s where cooling and airflow become essential.



Here’s what you’ll want to consider:





A high-performance case with open airflow or mesh front panels



Support for large radiators like 360mm liquid cooling for better thermal control



Additional fan slots to create optimized intake and exhaust zones



Efficient PSU with headroom for high loads, especially if you're using PCIe 5.0 components



(Case: DY460, AIO: DE360, Fans: INF34)



Pro Tip: Many AI PC-ready laptops and desktops already include NPUs, but if you're building your own system or upgrading your setup, your case and cooling matter just as much as your CPU.



Should You Upgrade to an AI PC Now?

Not everyone needs to jump on the AI PC train just yet.

If your work involves creative tools, productivity suites, or you're an early adopter who loves exploring AI-powered apps, an AI PC can absolutely improve your daily experience. On the other hand, if you're mainly gaming or browsing the web, a traditional PC is still more than enough in 2025.







Either way, choosing the right hardware now means you’re future-ready, especially with modern cases, efficient power supplies, and cooling systems that can support the next wave of AI innovation.



Final Thoughts

AI PCs aren’t just a buzzword, they represent the future of personal computing. But it’s not just about the processor. Your system’s cooling, airflow, and power delivery need to keep up with the added performance demands of AI tasks.



Whether you're upgrading or building fresh, investing in AI-capable hardware, like advanced PC cases, efficient PSUs, and high-performance cooling, ensures your system stays cool, quiet, and ready for what's next.

Here’s how they’re built differently and why it matters for your next upgrade.

AI PC vs. Regular PC: What’s the Difference and Should You Upgrade?

When shopping for a graphics card, you may notice that the same model often comes in both dual-fan and triple-fan versions, with a price difference of around NT$1,000–2,000. So, should you save money and go for the cheaper dual-fan card, or spend a little extra for the cooler-looking triple-fan card?

How Fan Count Affects GPU Cooling and Performance

A graphics card primarily relies on its fans to cool the GPU chip and other onboard components. The number of fans can affect:

Dual-Fan Graphics Cards – Pros and Cons

Triple-Fan Graphics Cards – Pros and Cons

Which Is Better for You: Dual-Fan or Triple-Fan GPU?

Here are three key factors to help you choose the right GPU design:





When shopping for a graphics card, you may notice that the same model often comes in both dual-fan and triple-fan versions, with a price difference of around NT$1,000–2,000. So, should you save money and go for the cheaper dual-fan card, or spend a little extra for the cooler-looking triple-fan card?



How Fan Count Affects GPU Cooling and Performance

A graphics card primarily relies on its fans to cool the GPU chip and other onboard components. The number of fans can affect:





Cooling efficiency – More fans generally mean better heat dissipation.



Noise level – Better cooling can come with higher noise output, depending on fan speed and design.



Card length & case compatibility – More fans typically require a longer card, which may limit compatibility with certain PC cases.



Dual-Fan Graphics Cards – Pros and Cons

Pros:





Shorter length (typically 200–280 mm), ideal for small form factor (SFF) cases or ITX builds.



Lower cost and better value for budget-conscious buyers.



More flexible installation space, less likely to interfere with other components.

Cons:





Slightly lower cooling performance compared to triple-fan designs.



Under heavy load, temperatures may be higher, causing fans to spin faster and generate more noise.







Triple-Fan Graphics Cards – Pros and Cons

Pros:





Superior cooling efficiency, well-suited for high-end GPUs.



More stable temperatures during extended gaming or rendering sessions.



Can achieve the same cooling performance at lower fan speeds, making them quieter under load.

Cons:





Longer length (often 300 mm or more), requiring careful case clearance checks.



Usually slightly more expensive than dual-fan variants.







Which Is Better for You: Dual-Fan or Triple-Fan GPU?

Here are three key factors to help you choose the right GPU design:

1. Case Size & Compatibility





Limited space (ITX / compact mATX cases) → Dual-fan GPU



Mid-tower or larger ATX cases → Triple-fan GPU

2. Budget





Tight budget → Dual-fan GPU



Flexible budget → Triple-fan GPU

3. Usage Needs





Heavy GPU workloads (e.g., 4K gaming, 3D rendering) → Triple-fan GPU for better cooling.



Light to moderate use → Dual-fan GPU for lower noise and cost savings.





Dual-fan or triple-fan GPU? Here’s what you need to know before you buy.

Dual-Fan vs. Triple-Fan GPU: What to Know Before Buying a Graphics Card

As an enthusiast of games and computer DIY in this age, we, darkFlash, feel proud and grateful for keep thinking how to develop impressive and extraordinary products with high-end facilities by assembling and using the PC cases, CPU coolers, case fans, and even gaming chairs and tables in person.

Our goal is to create products that could extremely exert its effect by every user.