Build Guides                                                    

Your PC is running louder than usual, and your frame rates are dropping. You’ve cleaned the dust filters, checked your fans, but the temperatures are still creeping up. The culprit might be the most overlooked component in your build: 

Many users install their CPU cooler once and forget about it for years. However, thermal compound is not permanent. It degrades, dries out, and loses its effectiveness over time.

The Golden Rule: How Long Does Thermal Paste Actually Last?

There is no single expiration date for thermal paste, but there is a general consensus among hardware experts and manufacturers.

Cheaper silicon-based compounds tend to dry out ("cure") faster, leading to cracks and air gaps. Premium compounds often use higher-quality suspensions that stay liquid longer.

However, if you are a heavy user who pushes your PC to its limits (video editing, 4K gaming, AI rendering) daily, the heat cycles will degrade the paste faster than a PC used only for web browsing.

5 Signs Your PC Needs New Thermal Paste Immediately

Your PC will tell you when it’s suffering. If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s time to grab a tube of paste:

If your CPU sits at 50°C+ while doing nothing (and it used to be 35°C), the heat transfer is failing.

Are your fans ramping up to 100% speed just by opening a web browser? This suggests the cooler is struggling to pull heat away from the chip.

If your game suddenly lags or stutters after 30 minutes of play, your CPU/GPU might be slowing itself down to prevent damage.

Sudden shutdowns during intensive tasks are a major red flag.

If you remove your cooler for any reason, 

 replace the paste. Never reuse old paste.

CPU vs. GPU: Why Repasting a Graphics Card is Different

 is a standard maintenance task. It's low risk and easy to do.

In many regions, unscrewing your graphics card backplate may void the manufacturer's warranty.

GPUs often require dealing with delicate thermal pads for VRAM and VRMs in addition to the paste for the core.

Unlike CPUs, which have an Integrated Heat Spreader (IHS), GPU dies are exposed. One mistake in mounting pressure can crack the chip.

Repaste your CPU as regular maintenance. Only repaste your GPU if temperatures are critically high and the warranty has expired.

Why Does Thermal Paste Degrade? (The Pump-Out Effect)

Why doesn't it last forever? Two main reasons:

The solvents in the paste evaporate over time, turning the smooth liquid into a chalky, cracked solid that cannot transfer heat efficiently.

As your CPU/GPU heats up, it expands. When it cools down, it contracts. Over thousands of these heating/cooling cycles, the thermal paste is physically "pumped out" from the center of the chip towards the edges, leaving the hottest part of the processor with little coverage.

(Dried out thermal paste on CPU. Resource: 

Quick Guide: How to Remove and Apply Thermal Paste Correctly

Ready to refresh your PC? Follow these simple steps for the best results:

Use 99% Isopropyl Alcohol and a lint-free cloth (or coffee filter) to completely wipe away the old, crusty paste from both the CPU and the cooler cold plate.

 in the center of the CPU is the most foolproof method for most standard processors.

Tighten your cooler screws in a cross pattern (X pattern) to ensure the paste spreads evenly.

Thermal paste is cheap, but it plays a critical role in the longevity of your expensive hardware. By replacing it every 

, you ensure your PC runs quieter, cooler, and faster. Don't let a $5 dried-up paste ruin your $500 CPU!





Your PC is running louder than usual, and your frame rates are dropping. You’ve cleaned the dust filters, checked your fans, but the temperatures are still creeping up. The culprit might be the most overlooked component in your build: Thermal Paste. 



Many users install their CPU cooler once and forget about it for years. However, thermal compound is not permanent. It degrades, dries out, and loses its effectiveness over time.



The Golden Rule: How Long Does Thermal Paste Actually Last?

There is no single expiration date for thermal paste, but there is a general consensus among hardware experts and manufacturers.





Standard Thermal Paste: Every 2 to 3 years.



High-Performance / Premium Paste: Every 3 to 5 years.



Factory-Applied Paste (Pre-built PCs/Laptops): Often lower quality, recommended to replace after 2 years.

Why the difference? 

Cheaper silicon-based compounds tend to dry out ("cure") faster, leading to cracks and air gaps. Premium compounds often use higher-quality suspensions that stay liquid longer.

However, if you are a heavy user who pushes your PC to its limits (video editing, 4K gaming, AI rendering) daily, the heat cycles will degrade the paste faster than a PC used only for web browsing.







5 Signs Your PC Needs New Thermal Paste Immediately

Your PC will tell you when it’s suffering. If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s time to grab a tube of paste:



Rising Idle Temperatures

If your CPU sits at 50°C+ while doing nothing (and it used to be 35°C), the heat transfer is failing.



Sudden Fan Noise

Are your fans ramping up to 100% speed just by opening a web browser? This suggests the cooler is struggling to pull heat away from the chip.



Thermal Throttling

If your game suddenly lags or stutters after 30 minutes of play, your CPU/GPU might be slowing itself down to prevent damage.



System Crashes

Sudden shutdowns during intensive tasks are a major red flag.



Visual Inspection

If you remove your cooler for any reason, always replace the paste. Never reuse old paste.







CPU vs. GPU: Why Repasting a Graphics Card is Different

Replacing thermal paste on a CPU is a standard maintenance task. It's low risk and easy to do.

However, repasting a GPU is a different beast:



Warranty Risks

In many regions, unscrewing your graphics card backplate may void the manufacturer's warranty.



Complexity

GPUs often require dealing with delicate thermal pads for VRAM and VRMs in addition to the paste for the core.



Direct Die Contact

Unlike CPUs, which have an Integrated Heat Spreader (IHS), GPU dies are exposed. One mistake in mounting pressure can crack the chip.



Our Advice

Repaste your CPU as regular maintenance. Only repaste your GPU if temperatures are critically high and the warranty has expired.







Why Does Thermal Paste Degrade? (The Pump-Out Effect)

Why doesn't it last forever? Two main reasons:



Drying Out

The solvents in the paste evaporate over time, turning the smooth liquid into a chalky, cracked solid that cannot transfer heat efficiently.



The Pump-Out Effect

As your CPU/GPU heats up, it expands. When it cools down, it contracts. Over thousands of these heating/cooling cycles, the thermal paste is physically "pumped out" from the center of the chip towards the edges, leaving the hottest part of the processor with little coverage.





(Dried out thermal paste on CPU. Resource: CPU Ninja)



Quick Guide: How to Remove and Apply Thermal Paste Correctly

Ready to refresh your PC? Follow these simple steps for the best results:



Clean the Old Paste

Use 99% Isopropyl Alcohol and a lint-free cloth (or coffee filter) to completely wipe away the old, crusty paste from both the CPU and the cooler cold plate.







Apply the Right Amount

You don't need much. A pea-sized dot in the center of the CPU is the most foolproof method for most standard processors.







Mount Pressure

Tighten your cooler screws in a cross pattern (X pattern) to ensure the paste spreads evenly.





(darkFlash DN360D Liquid CPU Cooler)



Pro Tip: 

Even the best CPU Cooler or AIO Liquid Cooler cannot perform well if the thermal paste is dry.



Conclusion

Thermal paste is cheap, but it plays a critical role in the longevity of your expensive hardware. By replacing it every 2 to 3 years, you ensure your PC runs quieter, cooler, and faster. Don't let a $5 dried-up paste ruin your $500 CPU!





(darkFlash DN360D Liquid CPU Cooler)

If your PC is running hotter or louder than usual, it might be time to replace your thermal paste.

How Often Should You Replace Thermal Paste? The Ultimate Guide for CPUs and GPUs

How-to Guides                                                   

 starts making a gurgling, bubbling, or sloshing noise, don’t panic. This is usually caused by trapped air in the loop, which can reduce cooling performance and increase noise.

In this guide, we’ll explain what causes bubbling sounds in a liquid CPU cooler and how to fix them step by step—so your PC stays cool and quiet.

Why Does My AIO Cooler Make a Bubbling or Gurgling Noise?

How to Fix Bubbling Noise in an AIO Liquid CPU Cooler

not positioned at the highest point of the loop

. Ideally, the radiator should be mounted higher than the pump so that any air collects in the radiator and doesn’t damage the pump.

Slowly tilt your PC case left and right to help dislodge air bubbles stuck in the tubing. This encourages the bubbles to move to the radiator, where they won’t interfere with the pump.

Use your cooler’s software to set the pump speed to 100% and let it run for 30–60 minutes. This increases fluid pressure in the loop and helps push out trapped air.

Step 4: Rotate the Case to Different Angles

If the bubbling noise persists, try rotating your case about 45 degrees in various directions. This can help release stubborn bubbles that haven’t yet settled.

⚠️ Pro Tip: Since these steps involve moving the PC, it’s a good idea to remove heavy components like the GPU and mechanical hard drives to avoid damage during handling.

What If the Bubbling Noise Doesn’t Stop?

If the noise continues even after these steps, your AIO cooler may have shipped with excess air or developed a leak. Contact the manufacturer’s support for further assistance or to request a replacement.





If your AIO liquid cooler starts making a gurgling, bubbling, or sloshing noise, don’t panic. This is usually caused by trapped air in the loop, which can reduce cooling performance and increase noise.

In this guide, we’ll explain what causes bubbling sounds in a liquid CPU cooler and how to fix them step by step—so your PC stays cool and quiet.



Why Does My AIO Cooler Make a Bubbling or Gurgling Noise?





Designed air pockets: AIO (all-in-one) liquid coolers are shipped with a small amount of air in the system to allow for thermal expansion and prevent hose damage.



Coolant evaporation over time: As you use your PC, a small amount of coolant can evaporate, increasing the amount of air in the loop and causing the familiar gurgling or sloshing sound when the pump runs.



How to Fix Bubbling Noise in an AIO Liquid CPU Cooler

Step 1: Check the Pump Installation

Ensure that the pump is not positioned at the highest point of the loop. Ideally, the radiator should be mounted higher than the pump so that any air collects in the radiator and doesn’t damage the pump.







Related Guide:





Step 2: Gently Tilt the PC Case

Slowly tilt your PC case left and right to help dislodge air bubbles stuck in the tubing. This encourages the bubbles to move to the radiator, where they won’t interfere with the pump.







Step 3: Run the Pump at Maximum RPM

Use your cooler’s software to set the pump speed to 100% and let it run for 30–60 minutes. This increases fluid pressure in the loop and helps push out trapped air.







Step 4: Rotate the Case to Different Angles

If the bubbling noise persists, try rotating your case about 45 degrees in various directions. This can help release stubborn bubbles that haven’t yet settled.



⚠️ Pro Tip: Since these steps involve moving the PC, it’s a good idea to remove heavy components like the GPU and mechanical hard drives to avoid damage during handling.



What If the Bubbling Noise Doesn’t Stop?

If the noise continues even after these steps, your AIO cooler may have shipped with excess air or developed a leak. Contact the manufacturer’s support for further assistance or to request a replacement.





(Video guide courtesy of CORSAIR LAB)

How to fix AIO cooler bubbling noise and keep your PC cool and quiet.

How to Fix AIO Liquid Cooler Bubbling or Gurgling Noise

In recent years, all-white PC builds have become the go-to choice for many gamers looking to create a clean and stylish setup. But questions like 

“Will my white components turn yellow?”

 are common concerns. In this article, we’ll explain why white PCs may yellow over time and how to properly care for them so they stay bright and pristine.

Why Do White PC Builds Turn Yellow? Key Causes Explained

White materials aren’t guaranteed to yellow, but they do show signs of aging more noticeably than black ones. The main reasons include:

When your PC is placed in direct sunlight for extended periods, ultraviolet light can trigger photochemical reactions in certain plastics and coatings, gradually causing them to yellow.

Oil, dust, and fine particles in the air can settle on white surfaces over time, making them look dull or dirty yellow.

Long-term heat can accelerate material degradation, especially around areas near exhaust vents where temperatures are higher.

Not all white coatings and plastics are made equal. Different brands and production batches can have varying resistance to aging. Choosing reputable products significantly reduces the chance of yellowing.

How to Maintain Your White PC? 5 Simple Tips to Keep It Looking New

While white builds are at some risk of yellowing, with regular cleaning and proper placement, you can keep your system looking immaculate. Here are some practical tips for gamers:

Place your PC in a cool, shaded area to minimize UV exposure.

Wipe down surfaces at least once a month with a lint-free dry cloth or a lightly dampened one. Avoid harsh chemical cleaners.

Use an air purifier and keep your room tidy to minimize dust and oil particles settling on your PC.

Ensure good airflow around your system to prevent excessive heat buildup that can accelerate aging.

Opt for components with high-quality, durable coatings designed to resist discoloration. For example, 

 is specifically engineered for long-lasting beauty.

Conclusion: White PCs Don’t Have to Yellow — It’s All About the Right Care and Quality

White PC builds don’t inevitably turn yellow quickly — it all depends on the materials and your environment. By choosing reliable products and practicing regular cleaning while avoiding direct sunlight, you can enjoy a bright, white rig for years to come.

If you’re looking for a beautifully designed, durable white case or cooling solution, check out the 

 — helping you build the pure white setup of your dreams!





In recent years, all-white PC builds have become the go-to choice for many gamers looking to create a clean and stylish setup. But questions like “Will my white components turn yellow?” or “How long before they discolor?” are common concerns. In this article, we’ll explain why white PCs may yellow over time and how to properly care for them so they stay bright and pristine.



Why Do White PC Builds Turn Yellow? Key Causes Explained

White materials aren’t guaranteed to yellow, but they do show signs of aging more noticeably than black ones. The main reasons include:



UV Exposure

When your PC is placed in direct sunlight for extended periods, ultraviolet light can trigger photochemical reactions in certain plastics and coatings, gradually causing them to yellow.



Air Pollution and Dust

Oil, dust, and fine particles in the air can settle on white surfaces over time, making them look dull or dirty yellow.



High Temperatures

Long-term heat can accelerate material degradation, especially around areas near exhaust vents where temperatures are higher.



Material Quality Differences

Not all white coatings and plastics are made equal. Different brands and production batches can have varying resistance to aging. Choosing reputable products significantly reduces the chance of yellowing.







How to Maintain Your White PC? 5 Simple Tips to Keep It Looking New

While white builds are at some risk of yellowing, with regular cleaning and proper placement, you can keep your system looking immaculate. Here are some practical tips for gamers:



1. Avoid Direct Sunlight

Place your PC in a cool, shaded area to minimize UV exposure.



2. Clean Regularly

Wipe down surfaces at least once a month with a lint-free dry cloth or a lightly dampened one. Avoid harsh chemical cleaners.



3. Keep the Air Clean

Use an air purifier and keep your room tidy to minimize dust and oil particles settling on your PC.



4. Maintain Proper Ventilation

Ensure good airflow around your system to prevent excessive heat buildup that can accelerate aging.



5. Choose Quality Products

Opt for components with high-quality, durable coatings designed to resist discoloration. For example, darkFlash’s all-white series is specifically engineered for long-lasting beauty.





(Case: DRX70 / Cooler: DN360)



Conclusion: White PCs Don’t Have to Yellow — It’s All About the Right Care and Quality

White PC builds don’t inevitably turn yellow quickly — it all depends on the materials and your environment. By choosing reliable products and practicing regular cleaning while avoiding direct sunlight, you can enjoy a bright, white rig for years to come.





(Case: DY470 / Cooler: DN360S / Fans: DM12 Pro)



If you’re looking for a beautifully designed, durable white case or cooling solution, check out the darkFlash white series — helping you build the pure white setup of your dreams!

Why white PCs yellow — and how to keep yours looking brand new.

Do White PC Builds Turn Yellow? How to Keep Your White Rig Looking Brand New

Hardware Tips                                                   

As processors become more powerful, their heat output has also increased significantly. More and more gamers and creators are opting for liquid coolers to help keep their CPUs cool.

However, many beginners or upgraders often have one common question when choosing a liquid cooler: 

In short, thanks to years of technological improvements, modern 

 have greatly reduced the risk of leaks — but that doesn’t mean there’s 

Why Are Modern Liquid Coolers Less Prone to Leaks?

The technology behind liquid coolers has matured considerably. The tubing, fittings, and radiator joints now use more durable composite materials that resist high temperatures and repeated bending.

To ensure product quality, most brands conduct 

 before shipping, making sure the cooler leaves the factory without defects.

Modern coolants use non-conductive, corrosion-resistant special formulas, which help prevent evaporation and crystallization. This keeps internal pressure stable and minimizes the risk of leaks.

, delivering reliable cooling performance with a stylish and stable design.

Looking for a high-performance liquid cooler that also looks great? Look no further than the 

, offering a high resolution of 480×480 pixels. 





As processors become more powerful, their heat output has also increased significantly. More and more gamers and creators are opting for liquid coolers to help keep their CPUs cool.
However, many beginners or upgraders often have one common question when choosing a liquid cooler: Do liquid coolers still leak?



In short, thanks to years of technological improvements, modern All-In-One (AIO) liquid coolers have greatly reduced the risk of leaks — but that doesn’t mean there’s zero risk. In rare cases, leaks can still occur.



Why Are Modern Liquid Coolers Less Prone to Leaks?



Advanced Manufacturing Techniques

The technology behind liquid coolers has matured considerably. The tubing, fittings, and radiator joints now use more durable composite materials that resist high temperatures and repeated bending.



Rigorous Factory Testing

To ensure product quality, most brands conduct pressure tests and leak tests before shipping, making sure the cooler leaves the factory without defects.



Improved Coolant Formulations

Modern coolants use non-conductive, corrosion-resistant special formulas, which help prevent evaporation and crystallization. This keeps internal pressure stable and minimizes the risk of leaks.







What Can Cause a Liquid Cooler to Leak?





Severe impacts during shipping that damage the cooler



Abnormal use, such as excessive pulling or bending of the tubing



Long-term use exceeding 8 years



How to Minimize the Risk of Leaks





Avoid bending the tubes excessively during installation



Keep the inside of your case dry and tidy



Choose a reputable brand (such as darkFlash)



Consider replacing your liquid cooler if it’s beyond its warranty period





Recommended Liquid Coolers: DV360S



(DV360S Liquid CPU Cooler)



DV360S liquid cooler combines a 320×320 IPS LCD display, ARGB lighting integration, and a copper base water block, delivering reliable cooling performance with a stylish and stable design.



Recommended Liquid Coolers: DN360S





(DN360D Liquid CPU Cooler)



Looking for a high-performance liquid cooler that also looks great? Look no further than the darkFlash DN series liquid coolers! The DN360D comes equipped with a 2.1-inch display, offering a high resolution of 480×480 pixels. 

With improved engineering and quality control, leaks have become uncommon.

Do Liquid Coolers Still Leak?

Ever notice your PC slowing down when things get hot?

Your game suddenly drops frames, video exports take longer, and your fans sound like a jet engine, yet performance keeps dropping. This isn’t just your PC “getting old”—it’s your system protecting itself from

 heat damage, limiting performance to survive.

Your CPU and GPU generate heat as they work. Normally, your cooling system keeps things in check, but if temperatures climb too high—typically above 90°C—your system will automatically lower its operating speeds to reduce heat.

, a built-in safety feature that prevents permanent damage by sacrificing performance to lower temperatures.

In other words: Your PC slows down to protect itself.

If your environment is warm, or your PC frequently handles heavy tasks like rendering, gaming, or simulations, these slowdowns can happen often.

The Best Fan Installation Direction for Your PC Case

While thermal throttling protects your PC, it can interrupt your workflow and reduce productivity. Here’s how you can help your PC stay cool:

As a hardware brand, we see it all the time: creators, gamers, and engineers invest in high-performance PCs but still face slowdowns under heat. It’s often not the processor or GPU that’s the problem—it’s insufficient thermal management.

By ensuring your system stays cool, you allow your CPU and GPU to maintain high clock speeds without triggering thermal throttling. This means:

If you’re planning to build or upgrade your PC for heavy workloads, 

thermal design should be at the top of your checklist.

High temperatures trigger thermal throttling, which reduces your PC’s performance to prevent damage. While this keeps your hardware safe, it can interrupt your productivity and gaming experience.

By improving airflow, maintaining a clean system, and considering advanced cooling when building your setup, you can keep your PC cool and fast—even during demanding tasks.

If you’re looking to optimize your workstation for stable performance under heavy loads, or need guidance on cooling solutions that match your workflow, feel free to reach out. We’re here to help you keep your PC performing at its best—no matter how hot it gets.





Ever notice your PC slowing down when things get hot?

Your game suddenly drops frames, video exports take longer, and your fans sound like a jet engine, yet performance keeps dropping. This isn’t just your PC “getting old”—it’s your system protecting itself from heat damage, limiting performance to survive.







Why Does Heat Slow Down Your PC?

Your CPU and GPU generate heat as they work. Normally, your cooling system keeps things in check, but if temperatures climb too high—typically above 90°C—your system will automatically lower its operating speeds to reduce heat.

This is known as thermal throttling, a built-in safety feature that prevents permanent damage by sacrificing performance to lower temperatures.

In other words: Your PC slows down to protect itself.



How Overheating Impacts Performance

When your PC overheats, you may notice:





Games drop in frame rates during intense moments.



Video rendering and exporting slow down.



Fans ramp up, becoming loud, but temperatures remain high.



The PC’s outer casing feels warm or hot.



The system feels sluggish, especially during demanding workloads.

If your environment is warm, or your PC frequently handles heavy tasks like rendering, gaming, or simulations, these slowdowns can happen often.





(The Best Fan Installation Direction for Your PC Case)



How to Prevent Heat-Related Slowdowns

While thermal throttling protects your PC, it can interrupt your workflow and reduce productivity. Here’s how you can help your PC stay cool:





Keep your workspace well-ventilated and ensure airflow around your system.



Regularly clean out dust from fans and heatsinks to maintain clear airflow.



Avoid blocking air vents with cables or clutter near your PC.



Consider using high-quality thermal paste to improve heat transfer.



If you run demanding workloads regularly, consider investing in advanced cooling solutions or a system designed for sustained performance.





(DP7 Thermal Paste)



Why Thermal Management Matters

As a hardware brand, we see it all the time: creators, gamers, and engineers invest in high-performance PCs but still face slowdowns under heat. It’s often not the processor or GPU that’s the problem—it’s insufficient thermal management.

By ensuring your system stays cool, you allow your CPU and GPU to maintain high clock speeds without triggering thermal throttling. This means:





Consistent frame rates in games



Faster render and simulation times



Quieter operation under load



Longer hardware lifespan

If you’re planning to build or upgrade your PC for heavy workloads, thermal design should be at the top of your checklist.





(DN360S Liquid CPU Cooler)



Key Takeaway

High temperatures trigger thermal throttling, which reduces your PC’s performance to prevent damage. While this keeps your hardware safe, it can interrupt your productivity and gaming experience.

By improving airflow, maintaining a clean system, and considering advanced cooling when building your setup, you can keep your PC cool and fast—even during demanding tasks.



If you’re looking to optimize your workstation for stable performance under heavy loads, or need guidance on cooling solutions that match your workflow, feel free to reach out. We’re here to help you keep your PC performing at its best—no matter how hot it gets.





Understanding Thermal Throttling and How It Affects Performance.

Why Does My PC Slow Down When It Gets Hot?

 liquid coolers are types of liquid cooling systems for computers. The main differences between them lie in cooling performance, ease of installation, and budget considerations. Understanding the distinctions between these two systems is crucial for choosing the right one for your needs.

pre-assembled, closed-loop liquid cooling system

 that includes a water block, pump, tubing, and radiator. It is designed to offer better cooling performance than traditional air coolers, helping CPUs maintain low temperatures under heavy workloads.

AIO coolers are low-maintenance and easy to install, making them very popular among DIY PC builders.

A typical AIO liquid cooler consists of the following components:

 that users build from individual components. Unlike AIO coolers, each part—such as the CPU block, reservoir, radiator, pump, tubing, and fittings—must be purchased and assembled separately.

Custom loops deliver top-tier cooling performance and maximum customization, but they are more complex to build, time-consuming, and costly to maintain.

A typical custom loop includes the following:





Both AIO (All-In-One) and custom loop liquid coolers are types of liquid cooling systems for computers. The main differences between them lie in cooling performance, ease of installation, and budget considerations. Understanding the distinctions between these two systems is crucial for choosing the right one for your needs.



AIO (All-In-One) Liquid Coolers







What is an AIO Liquid Cooler?

An All-In-One (AIO) Liquid Cooler is a pre-assembled, closed-loop liquid cooling system that includes a water block, pump, tubing, and radiator. It is designed to offer better cooling performance than traditional air coolers, helping CPUs maintain low temperatures under heavy workloads.



AIO coolers are low-maintenance and easy to install, making them very popular among DIY PC builders.







Components of an AIO Cooler

A typical AIO liquid cooler consists of the following components:





Water Block: Mounted on the CPU, it contains a copper base and an integrated pump, responsible for transferring heat from the CPU to the coolant.



Pump: Usually integrated into the water block (though some models have it on the tubing), it circulates the coolant through the loop.



Radiator: Transfers heat from the coolant to the air, typically using fans to aid the process.



Fans: Mounted on the radiator to help dissipate heat from the warm coolant.



Pros





Easy to install: Comes pre-assembled, so even beginners can install it with ease.



Maintenance-free: Sealed loop system that requires no refilling or cleaning during its lifespan.



Stable performance: Offers better cooling than most air coolers, especially for high-performance CPUs.



Clean aesthetics: Often features RGB lighting and stylish water block designs for visual appeal.



Cons





Limited lifespan: Pumps usually last 3–5 years; over time, coolant may evaporate and reduce cooling performance.



Non-serviceable: If any internal component fails, you must return it to the manufacturer for repair or replacement.



Custom Loop Liquid Cooling







What is a Custom Loop?

A custom loop liquid cooling system is an open-loop system that users build from individual components. Unlike AIO coolers, each part—such as the CPU block, reservoir, radiator, pump, tubing, and fittings—must be purchased and assembled separately.

Custom loops deliver top-tier cooling performance and maximum customization, but they are more complex to build, time-consuming, and costly to maintain.







Components of a Custom Loop

A typical custom loop includes the following:





CPU Block: Mounted on the CPU to absorb and transfer heat into the coolant.



Pump: Drives coolant through the entire loop.



Reservoir: Stores coolant, allows for easy monitoring of coolant levels, and helps with refilling and air removal.



Tubing: Carries coolant through the loop. Available in soft tubing and hard tubing options.



Coolant: Transfers heat and can be clear or colored for aesthetics.



Fittings: Connect tubing to components; ensure tight seals to prevent leaks.







Pros





Superior cooling performance: Can cool both CPU and GPU, ideal for heavy overclocking or workstation setups.



Highly customizable appearance: Use of hard tubing, distribution plates, colored coolant, and RGB lighting enables fully personalized aesthetics.



Scalability: Supports dual radiators, large reservoirs, multiple loops, and sensor integration.



Cons





High skill requirement: Requires knowledge of liquid cooling and hands-on assembly experience—not beginner-friendly.



Time-consuming installation: Can take hours or even days to complete; includes leak testing and air bleeding.



Expensive: Individual components can be costly—entire setups often cost hundreds of USD.



Higher risk: Improper installation can lead to coolant leaks and potential hardware damage.



Buying Recommendations





AIO Liquid Cooler: Ideal for regular gamers and users who want good cooling with minimal maintenance. Offers a balanced choice between performance and convenience.



Custom Loop Cooling: Best suited for enthusiasts who seek maximum performance and enjoy building PCs from the ground up. Offers unmatched cooling and aesthetics but demands time, skill, and budget.



DY470 Custom Loop Installation Video





Compare AIO and Custom Loop cooling solutions to find the right fit for your PC.

How to Choose a Liquid Cooler: AIO vs. Custom Loop Cooling

When it comes to the performance of an air cooler, the three most crucial components are the 

. While the fan and platform (Intel or AMD) also play a role, their impact on thermal performance is relatively minor in comparison.

Heat pipes are the backbone of any air cooler’s heat transfer system. The thicker and more numerous the heat pipes, the better the cooling performance.

more and thicker heat pipes = better heat dissipation

The baseplate is the interface between the CPU and the cooler, and it plays a significant role in how effectively heat is transferred. There are three main types of baseplates, ranked from highest to lowest thermal efficiency:

The flattened heat pipes directly contact the CPU surface, minimizing the thermal barrier.

A flat copper plate is used as the base, with heat pipes soldered directly into it for better contact and durability.

This design uses a sealed chamber filled with conductive liquid to evenly distribute heat across the baseplate.

Cooling fins are responsible for dissipating heat into the surrounding air. The more fins and the tighter their spacing, the more efficient the heat dispersion.

Fins are permanently soldered to the heat pipes, resulting in strong structural integrity and excellent heat transfer. Though costlier, it's more durable and effective.

Heat pipes are inserted through stacked metal fins, forming a tower structure. This method is more affordable but depends heavily on manufacturing quality. A precise fit ensures firm contact and better performance, while poor fitting can cause fins to loosen over time and degrade thermal efficiency.

While not as critical, a few additional factors can slightly affect air cooler performance:





When it comes to the performance of an air cooler, the three most crucial components are the heat pipes, baseplate, and cooling fins. While the fan and platform (Intel or AMD) also play a role, their impact on thermal performance is relatively minor in comparison.



Key #1: Heat Pipes

Heat pipes are the backbone of any air cooler’s heat transfer system. The thicker and more numerous the heat pipes, the better the cooling performance.





Pipe Thickness: Most air coolers on the market use 6mm heat pipes, though high-end models may include 8mm pipes for improved heat transfer.



Number of Heat Pipes: Entry-level air coolers typically feature 4 heat pipes, while flagship models often come with 6 or 7 for maximum efficiency.

The basic rule is: more and thicker heat pipes = better heat dissipation.





(darkFlash Darkair Plus CPU Cooler)



Key #2: Baseplate Design

The baseplate is the interface between the CPU and the cooler, and it plays a significant role in how effectively heat is transferred. There are three main types of baseplates, ranked from highest to lowest thermal efficiency:







1. Direct Contact Heat Pipes

The flattened heat pipes directly contact the CPU surface, minimizing the thermal barrier.

Pros:





Cost-effective and budget-friendly



Adequate for mid to low-range CPUs

Cons:





Lower manufacturing precision can lead to poor surface contact



Over time, heat pipe deformation may reduce performance



2. Soldered Copper Base

A flat copper plate is used as the base, with heat pipes soldered directly into it for better contact and durability.

Pros:





High flatness ensures better CPU contact



Durable and long-lasting



Common in mid-to-high-end air coolers

Cons:





More complex manufacturing process



Higher production cost



3. Vapor Chamber (Heat Spreader)

This design uses a sealed chamber filled with conductive liquid to evenly distribute heat across the baseplate.

Pros:





Superior heat conduction



Ideal for high-wattage, high-heat CPUs

Cons:





Expensive to manufacture



Less common and limited model options







Key #3: Cooling Fins

Cooling fins are responsible for dissipating heat into the surrounding air. The more fins and the tighter their spacing, the more efficient the heat dispersion.



Fin Attachment Methods

Reflow Soldering

Fins are permanently soldered to the heat pipes, resulting in strong structural integrity and excellent heat transfer. Though costlier, it's more durable and effective.





(Credit: Tom's Hardware)



Press-Fit (Stacked Fins)

Heat pipes are inserted through stacked metal fins, forming a tower structure. This method is more affordable but depends heavily on manufacturing quality. A precise fit ensures firm contact and better performance, while poor fitting can cause fins to loosen over time and degrade thermal efficiency.





(darkFlash C400 ARGB Air CPU Cooler)



Other Considerations

While not as critical, a few additional factors can slightly affect air cooler performance:





Fan Quality: Higher CFM and static pressure fans can improve airflow through the fins.



CPU Platform: Intel and AMD sockets may have subtle thermal behavior differences.



Case Clearance: Always check your case dimensions to avoid issues with cooler height and side panel clearance.





What Affects Air Cooler Performance? Know the Key Factors Before You Buy!

Top 3 Key Factors That Affect Air Cooler Performance

When your CPU is under heavy load, temperature spikes are inevitable. While traditional air coolers are budget-friendly, they often struggle to keep up with high-performance processors. That’s where liquid coolers come in — the go-to choice for gamers and power users alike.

But have you ever wondered what a liquid cooler actually is, and why it outperforms traditional air cooling systems?

A liquid cooler is a closed-loop system that circulates coolant to absorb and transfer heat away from the CPU. The coolant carries the heat to a radiator, where it's released into the air with the help of fans — all while maintaining high efficiency and low noise levels.

Liquid has a much higher thermal conductivity than air, allowing it to draw heat away from the CPU faster. This is especially beneficial for high-end CPUs or overclocked systems that generate a lot of heat.

Since liquid cooling is more efficient, fans don’t need to spin at high speeds to keep temperatures low. As a result, the system stays quieter during operation.

Liquid coolers often have a cleaner, more compact design compared to bulky air coolers. With modern additions like built-in screens on the water block and RGB fans, they add visual appeal and are perfect for gaming or showcase builds.

Liquid coolers can keep temperatures low even under extended high workloads, reducing the risk of thermal throttling and ensuring better system stability and performance over time.

Who Should Consider Getting a Liquid Cooler?

If you're running a top-tier processor, maintaining stable output and avoiding heat damage is key. A liquid cooler helps efficiently remove excess heat, keeping your CPU at safe operating temperatures.

Enthusiasts with Basic PC Hardware Knowledge

While liquid coolers offer powerful performance, they do come with a limited lifespan (typically 5 to 8 years due to the use of coolant). Once the warranty ends, it's recommended to replace the cooler — making it slightly more maintenance-intensive than air coolers.

Liquid coolers now come in all kinds of designs, from minimalist to flashy. Some even include customizable screens on the water block. They’ve evolved from simple cooling tools into centerpiece components of high-end custom PC builds.





When your CPU is under heavy load, temperature spikes are inevitable. While traditional air coolers are budget-friendly, they often struggle to keep up with high-performance processors. That’s where liquid coolers come in — the go-to choice for gamers and power users alike.

But have you ever wondered what a liquid cooler actually is, and why it outperforms traditional air cooling systems?



What Is a Liquid Cooler?

A liquid cooler is a closed-loop system that circulates coolant to absorb and transfer heat away from the CPU. The coolant carries the heat to a radiator, where it's released into the air with the help of fans — all while maintaining high efficiency and low noise levels.







How Does a Liquid Cooler Work?





Water Block (CPU Block)
Mounted directly on the CPU, the water block has a thermal metal base that makes contact with the CPU and coolant. Thermal paste is applied to enhance heat transfer from the CPU to the block.



Pump
The pump keeps the coolant circulating through the system.



Radiator
The heated coolant flows into the radiator, where large surface-area fins dissipate the heat.



Fans
Attached to the radiator, fans help expel the hot air from the case quickly and efficiently.





(Liquid Cooling, intel)



Advantages of Liquid Coolers

Superior Cooling Performance

Liquid has a much higher thermal conductivity than air, allowing it to draw heat away from the CPU faster. This is especially beneficial for high-end CPUs or overclocked systems that generate a lot of heat.







Quieter Operation

Since liquid cooling is more efficient, fans don’t need to spin at high speeds to keep temperatures low. As a result, the system stays quieter during operation.







Sleek and Stylish Aesthetics

Liquid coolers often have a cleaner, more compact design compared to bulky air coolers. With modern additions like built-in screens on the water block and RGB fans, they add visual appeal and are perfect for gaming or showcase builds.







Stable Long-Term Performance

Liquid coolers can keep temperatures low even under extended high workloads, reducing the risk of thermal throttling and ensuring better system stability and performance over time.



Who Should Consider Getting a Liquid Cooler?

Users with High-End CPUs

If you're running a top-tier processor, maintaining stable output and avoiding heat damage is key. A liquid cooler helps efficiently remove excess heat, keeping your CPU at safe operating temperatures.







Enthusiasts with Basic PC Hardware Knowledge

While liquid coolers offer powerful performance, they do come with a limited lifespan (typically 5 to 8 years due to the use of coolant). Once the warranty ends, it's recommended to replace the cooler — making it slightly more maintenance-intensive than air coolers.



Users Who Value Aesthetic Builds

Liquid coolers now come in all kinds of designs, from minimalist to flashy. Some even include customizable screens on the water block. They’ve evolved from simple cooling tools into centerpiece components of high-end custom PC builds.





Understand how liquid coolers work — and find out if they're right for you!

Everything You Need to Know About How Liquid Coolers Work

As an enthusiast of games and computer DIY in this age, we, darkFlash, feel proud and grateful for keep thinking how to develop impressive and extraordinary products with high-end facilities by assembling and using the PC cases, CPU coolers, case fans, and even gaming chairs and tables in person.

Our goal is to create products that could extremely exert its effect by every user.